TWed2k - Linux交流 - [問題]CentOS 5 的BIND無法啟用！

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#1 : 2007-12-1 08:03 PM 只看本作者	送花 (0) 送出中...

小弟目前在玩CentOS 5時碰上了一些問題，如下：
因為一時興起，所以試著玩CentOS 5 ，想要建立DNS Server時碰上了一點困難，我裝了以下這些套件
ypbind-1.19-7.el5
system-config-bind-4.0.3-2.el5.centos
bind-9.3.3-9.0.1.el5
bind-chroot-9.3.3-9.0.1.el5
bind-libs-9.3.3-9.0.1.el5
bind-utils-9.3.3-9.0.1.el5

主要的設定檔都在：/var/named/chroot/ 的裡面，共有dev/  etc/  proc/ var/等子目錄。
而etc/的目錄裡的檔案共有：
localtime          .named.conf.swp    named.root.hints    rndc.key
named.conf          named.rfc1912.zones  rndc.conf

var/的子目錄又分別有以下幾個子目錄：named/ run/ tmp/
named/子目錄裡的檔案有：data/             my.external.zone.db             named.root
localdomain.zone    my.internal.zone.db  named.ip6.local    named.zero
localhost.zone    named.broadcast    named.local       slaves/

/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf主要的設定內容如下：

//
// Sample named.conf BIND DNS server 'named' configuration file
// for the Red Hat BIND distribution.
//
// See the BIND Administrator's Reference Manual (ARM) for details, in:
// file:///usr/share/doc/bind-*/arm/Bv9ARM.html
// Also see the BIND Configuration GUI : /usr/bin/system-config-bind and
// its manual.
//
options
{
      /* make named use port 53 for the source of all queries, to allow
      * firewalls to block all ports except 53:
      */
      query-source port 53;
      query-source-v6 port 53;

      // Put files that named is allowed to write in the data/ directory:
      directory "/var/named"; // the default
      dump-file             "data/cache_dump.db";
      statistics-file       "data/named_stats.txt";
      memstatistics-file    "data/named_mem_stats.txt";

};
logging
{
/*    If you want to enable debugging, eg. using the 'rndc trace' command,
*    named will try to write the 'named.run' file in the $directory (/var/named).
*    By default, SELinux policy does not allow named to modify the /var/named directory,
*    so put the default debug log file in data/ :
*/
      channel default_debug {
            file "data/named.run";
            severity dynamic;
      };
};
//
// All BIND 9 zones are in a "view", which allow different zones to be served
// to different types of client addresses, and for options to be set for groups
// of zones.
//
// By default, if named.conf contains no "view" clauses, all zones are in the
// "default" view, which matches all clients.
//
// If named.conf contains any "view" clause, then all zones MUST be in a view;
// so it is recommended to start off using views to avoid having to restructure
// your configuration files in the future.
//
view "localhost_resolver"
{
/* This view sets up named to be a localhost resolver ( caching only nameserver ).
* If all you want is a caching-only nameserver, then you need only define this view:
*/
      match-clients          { localhost; };
      match-destinations    { localhost; };
      recursion yes;
      # all views must contain the root hints zone:
      include "/etc/named.root.hints";

      /* these are zones that contain definitions for all the localhost
      * names and addresses, as recommended in RFC1912 - these names should
      * ONLY be served to localhost clients:
      */
      include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};
view "internal"
{
/* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "internal" clients
that connect via your directly attached LAN interfaces - "localnets" .
*/
      match-clients          { localnets; };
      match-destinations    { localnets; };
      recursion yes;
      // all views must contain the root hints zone:
      include "/etc/named.root.hints";

      // include "named.rfc1912.zones";
      // you should not serve your rfc1912 names to non-localhost clients.

      // These are your "authoritative" internal zones, and would probably
      // also be included in the "localhost_resolver" view above :

      zone "my.internal.zone" {
            type master;
            file "my.internal.zone.db";
      };
      zone "my.slave.internal.zone" {
            type slave;
            file "slaves/my.slave.internal.zone.db";
            masters { /* put master nameserver IPs here */ 127.0.0.1; } ;
            // put slave zones in the slaves/ directory so named can update them
      };
      zone "my.ddns.internal.zone" {
            type master;
            allow-update { key ddns_key; };
            file "slaves/my.ddns.internal.zone.db";
            // put dynamically updateable zones in the slaves/ directory so named can update them
      };
};
key ddns_key
{
      algorithm hmac-md5;
      secret "use /usr/sbin/dns-keygen to generate TSIG keys";
};
view "external"
{
/* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "external" clients
* that have addresses that are not on your directly attached LAN interface subnets:
*/
      match-clients          { !localnets; !localhost; };
      match-destinations    { !localnets; !localhost; };

      recursion no;
      // you'd probably want to deny recursion to external clients, so you don't
      // end up providing free DNS service to all takers

      // all views must contain the root hints zone:
      include "/etc/named.root.hints";

      // These are your "authoritative" external zones, and would probably
      // contain entries for just your web and mail servers:

      zone "my.external.zone" {
            type master;
            file "my.external.zone.db";
      };
};

named.rfc1912.zones的設定內容如下:
// named.rfc1912.zones:
//
// ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by
// RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones
//
zone "localdomain" IN {
      type master;
      file "localdomain.zone";
      allow-update { none; };
};

zone "localhost" IN {
      type master;
      file "localhost.zone";
      allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
      type master;
      file "named.local";
      allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {
      type master;
      file "named.ip6.local";
      allow-update { none; };
};

zone "255.in-addr.arpa" IN {
      type master;
      file "named.broadcast";
      allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {
      type master;
      file "named.zero";
      allow-update { none; };
};

named.root.hints的設定內容如下：
//
// The 'named.root' root cache hints zone for the bind DNS 'named' nameserver.
//
// named's cache must be primed with the addresses of the root zone '.' nameservers.
// The root zone file can be obtained by querying the root 'A' nameserver:
//    $ dig . ns @198.41.0.4 > named.root
// Or by download via FTP / HTTP:
//    $ wget ftp://ftp.rs.internic.net/domain/named.root
//
// Every view that is to provide recursive service must include this zone.
//
zone "." IN {
      type hint;
      file "named.root";
};

啟動時的訊息：
[root@localhost /]# /etc/init.d/named restart
正在停止 named:                                           [失敗]
正在啟動 named:                                           [失敗]
[root@localhost /]#

LOG檔裡面沒有錯誤訊息！

以上全都是預設的值，為什麼會啟動不了呢？我已經反覆的看過好幾次的相關設定，就是找不出原因！.....希望有玩過這個版本的大大可以幫小弟解惑一下，感激不盡.......謝謝。

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#2 : 2007-12-1 10:18 PM 只看本作者	送花 (0) 送出中...

或許可參考這篇文件
http://linux.vbird.org/linux_server/0350dns.php#server_settings

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#3 : 2007-12-2 11:17 AM 只看本作者	送花 (0) 送出中...

發現有以下錯誤訊息：
Dec  2 03:15:55 localhost named[6957]: starting BIND 9.3.3rc2 -u named -t /var/named/chroot
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: found 1 CPU, using 1 worker thread
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: loading configuration from '/etc/named.conf'
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.1.1#53
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: /etc/named.conf:107: configuring key 'ddns_key': bad base64 encoding
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: loading configuration: bad base64 encoding
Dec  2 11:15:55 localhost named[6957]: exiting (due to fatal error)

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#4 : 2007-12-2 01:50 PM 只看本作者

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版主 MU : 感謝您的熱誠指導

評分:+1

應該是這個問題

named.conf文件存在未定義的安全密鑰ddns_key。使用dns-keygen 或 dnskeygen命令創建一個正確的條目。

Feb 25 20:38:49 bigboy named[4593]: /etc/named.conf:99: configuring key 'ddns_key': bad base64 encoding
Feb 25 20:38:49 bigboy named[4593]: loading configuration: bad base64 encoding

原資料連結

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#5 : 2007-12-2 11:52 PM 只看本作者	送花 (0) 送出中...

引用:

陽だまり寫到:

應該是這個問題

named.conf文件存在未定義的安全密鑰ddns_key。使用dns-keygen 或 dnskeygen命令創建一個正確的條目。

Feb 25 20:38:49 bigboy named[4593]: /etc/named.conf:99: configuring key 'ddns_key': bad base64 encoding
Feb 25 20:38:49 bigboy named[4593]: loading configuration: bad base64 encoding

原資料連結

沒錯......問題就在這裡......今天下午我把整個name.conf的組態檔做更改之後.....已OK了.....

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