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chacha
銀驢友〔初級〕
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| #55 : 2008-10-7 11:40 AM
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在人民強大的壓力下，衛生署長葉金川終於決定檢驗三聚氰胺應該使用比較精密的儀器，也就是液相層析串連質譜儀（LC/MS/MS)，
雖說規範儀器本身，並不能確保嚴格把關，但是比起之前的2.5ppm，或是根本連儀器都不規範，畢竟還是一種進步，
可是不到兩天，政府又絞盡腦汁要為2.5ppm的毒奶粉開後門了。
這次他們想到的方法更荒唐，美其名「兩岸建立相互驗證機制」就是說，只要中國檢驗合格的商品就等同於台灣政
府檢驗合格，不用再驗，可以直接進口台灣，這麼一來2.5ppm或是含三聚氰胺成分更高的毒奶粉只要中國給予檢驗合
格證書就可以直通台灣，暢行無阻，台灣的檢驗標準形同虛設。全世界很難找到這麼作賤自己國民健康的政府。
幾家媒體似乎都還守著2.5ppm的關卡，牽拖美國FDA的標準是2.5PPM?
這種媒體，這些記者難道希望他們自己的家人受到戕害嗎??
看看美國怎麼規範三聚氰胺的檢驗方法
美國FDA 要求檢驗儀器LOD 必須是0.05 PPM (50 PPB)
Melamine and Analogues Intake Scenarios
The exposure scenarios presented below pertain to melamine compounds. As stated previously, we have assumed that all MCs are equipotent and we are treating them as a group of compounds and not as single compounds. Scenario 1 presents intake estimates for pork, chicken, egg and fish consumption. Scenario 2 presents intake estimates for foods that contain meat, poultry and pork. Scenario 3 is an intake estimate that is based on, as a worst case assumption, that melamine is in all solid food. For all three scenarios, intake estimates were based on food consumption levels for a 60-kg individual (the norm for exposure analysis by FDA/CFSAN's Office of Food Additive Safety).
Accumulation of melamine in the edible tissue of animals (pork, poultry and fish) consuming the contaminated feed at the levels reported in feed to date is considered highly unlikely. For the purpose of this assessment it is assumed that all edible tissues contain 50 ppb melamine. The basis for using such a level comes from reports from FDA and FSIS of trace levels of melamine in tissues from some hogs that consumed the suspect feed containing rice protein. The 50 ppb level represents a conservative estimate of the Limit of Detection (LOD) for the methods employed; a value that will ensure that the exposure scenarios are in turn conservative. (The LOD is the level below which a contaminant cannot be measured with current analytical methods.) Currently this method is designed to only detect melamine in meat; however, it is presumed that the other MCs are present in the tissue. For the purposes of this assessment, the concentration of melamine assumed in the tissue (50 ppb) is doubled to 100 ppb to account for cyanuric acid, which was not actually measured by the test. Doubling the measurable tissue melamine level was based in part on the relative levels of MC compounds (analogues levels were generally no greater than melamine levels) observed in the contaminated feed and in part on the identification of the crystals in the kidneys being a mixture of melamine and cyanuric acid. This suggests that cyanuric acid might be a greater concern than the other analogues and doubling should more than account for cyanuric acid based on currently available data. Therefore, in lieu of any reported residue values for MCs in edible tissues and based on the reported levels of MCs in the suspect feeds and the short half life and rapid excretion of MCs, the use of 100 ppb as a default residue level was considered reasonable for the purpose of determining safety. Inherent in this value is another conservative assumption that all meat/poultry/fish/egg tissue was from animals that had been fed contaminated feed until just prior to slaughter or collection. Due to the rapid excretion of melamine and cyanuric acid and because these compounds are not metabolized, withdrawing contaminated feed would be expected to lead to a relatively rapid clearance of the compounds from the animal.
FSIS has recently completed a "Swine and Poultry Exposure Assessment," attached as Appendix II. FDA has recently completed sampling of two commercial fish farming operations; the report of this sampling is attached as Appendix III. These data and information confirm and re-enforce the assumptions and conclusions of this interim safety/risk assessment.
美國的標準：
一、全面禁止中國乳製品。
二、不容許嬰兒奶粉有melamine。
三、不容許其他食品摻入melamine，且禁止販售；若其他食品意外遭三聚氰胺汙染，FDA認為三聚氰胺和相關化合物低於2.5 ppm不會引發問題。
四、FDA將持續對產品進行檢驗，以確保外來的潛在污染產品進入美國。
歐盟標準：
一、全面禁止中國乳製品。
二、禁止來自中國的混合食物製品(即加工食品)進口。
三、對前二項措施的漏網之魚，不論是即將進口或已經出現在市面上，只要是含中國乳製品15%以上、三聚氰胺超過2.5 mg/kg以上的混合食物製品(以餅乾及巧克力為例)皆予以銷毀；未知中國乳製品含量的混合食物製品，亦等同辦理。
闖政府標準：
一、說從中國來的乳類製品都已禁止進口，但衛生署並未給負責把關的經濟部標準檢驗局相關的公文指示。從中國製的 "雀巢"、"克寧" 還在台灣(標準未定)。
二、並未限制來自中國的加工食品進口。
三、對已進口的餅乾、巧克力.....等等食物仍是以HPLC來檢驗，所以對大多數食物的標準還是2.5 ppm、不是0.05 ppm；。
四、已用HPLC驗過OK的食物(含奶粉)，衛生署竟然說不需要再用LC-MS/MS來複檢。
五、經濟部標準檢驗局推動：兩岸相互驗證平台，通過大陸質檢局檢驗的商品，視同通過標檢局檢驗，進入台灣後享有「免檢驗優待」。
FDA 標準第一條: 全面禁止中國乳製品
意思就是雀巢或克寧在中國黑龍江生產的乳製品, 將被全面禁止進入美國或歐洲
圖中歐洲這塊，上面還特別標示：全面禁止中國的奶製品進口。誰理你幾ppm？
更可惡的是，臺北市的衛生局長說，９／１７就已經驗出雀巢含有「微量」的三聚氰胺，卻沒有通報，真是夭壽喔，是要含有多少才要通報？？
本來他還想凹，被立委戳破他說2.5ppm是９／２４才公佈的。
台北市議議員黃珊珊：我的孩子一直喝雀巢 天啊
http://blog.udn.com/super33/2266784
馬英九 劉兆玄 吳伯雄 連戰 江丙坤 胡錦濤 溫家寶 陳雲林及你們的兒女 金孫苦民所苦，帶頭示範喝一喝 用 三聚氰胺 沖泡的牛奶 吧?
[chacha 在 2008-10-7 11:44 AM 作了最後編輯]
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